Combined indexes may not work with OR. Try an index_merge in MySQL

Code

-- tested with MySQL 5.6

-- with combined index of timestamp and status
EXPLAIN SELECT id, name, status, date 
  FROM history
  WHERE timestamp = 1420934400 OR status = 3;

-- with separated indexes for timestamp and status
EXPLAIN SELECT id, name, status, date 
  FROM history
  WHERE timestamp = 1420934400 OR status = 3;

Result

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	history	null	ALL	test_idx	null	null	null	1407	20.4	Using where

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	history	null	index_merge	status_idx,timestamp_idx,test_idx	timestamp_idx,status_idx	4,4	null	255	100	Using union(timestamp_idx,status_idx); Using where

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Used Versions

PHP 8.2, Laminas MVC 3.2, Symfony 5.2, Laravel 8.28, PHPUnit 9.5, Doctrine ORM 2.8